ارزش یونولیت پلاستوفوم فشرده امروزه از یونولیت و پلاستوفوم به فعالیت گیری های فراوانی در مسئله های متعدد می شود . از جمله این به کارگیری ها می توان به عایق کاری ها و نیز چنین بسته بندی ها اشاره کرد . اما این ماده به کارگیری های بیشتر از این حرف ها را دارد و محدود به این نمی شود بلکه چه بسا در عملیات ساختمانی و عمرانی هم از این ماده هم به کارگیری می شود . از دسته های متعدد یونولیت، استفاده های مختلفی می شود که بسته به نوع، میزان و ابعاد، ضخامت و فشردگی و چگالی و یا این که دانسیته متعدد مختلف هست . در این مطلب قصد داریم در رابطه با کیفیت و منش ساخت نوعی از یونولیت به نام یونولیت فشرده مشاجره کوتاهی کنیم و در نقطه پایان اشاره کوتاهی به هزینه های این گونه از یونولیت ها بکنیم .
یونولیت فشرده یونولیت های فشرده، به یونولیت هایی گفته می شود که عمدتا دارنده چگالی بالای 25 و دانسیته 40 می باشند . حتمی به ذکر میباشد که از دانسیته 40 به بالا را یونولیت فوق فشرده می نامند . چگالی بیان کنده میزان مواد مصرفی در هر متر مربع از یونولیت می باشد به طور نمونه وقتی گفته می شود که چگالی یونولیت 30 است، این به این مفهوم است که در هر متر مربع از این گونه یونولیت، در حدود 30 کیلوگرم ماده خالص به فعالیت رفته می باشد .
بها یونولیت فشرده ارزش یونولیت های فشرده تابع همان چگالی و دانسیته ی یونولیت می باشد . البته کیفیت مواد مصرف گردیده هم نکته تأثیر گذار دیگر میباشد به طوری که چنانچه این اجناس به عمل برده شده چینی یا این که اهل ایران باشند، ارزش تمام شده یونولیت زیر تر خواهد بود . البته در صورتی‌که مواد به عمل رفته گردیده از اجناس کره ای باشند، بها بالاتر خواهد بود . بعنوان مثال یک یونولیت و پلاستوفوم فشرده با دانسیته و چگالی 30 حدودا 270 .000 تومان بر آورد میگردد و به همین نسبت بها یونولیت و پلاستوفوم فشرده 40 کیلو و 50 کیلو حساب و کتاب می گردد .
کیفیت یونولیت فشرده این نکته را در نظر می بایست گرفت که در یونولیت های فشرده می بایست مواد به طور کامل خالص باشد و توزیع دانه های یونولیت به مدل ای باشد که در تمام نقاط یونولیت به طور یکسان و یکنواخت باشد و چگالی یونولیت در تمام نقاط یک عدد باشد . وب سایت های متعددی خود را به عنوان ارائه دهنده یونولیت با کیفیت معرفی می کنند البته یونولیت های با کیفیت ذیل را ارائه می دهند که می بایست دقت کافی داشته باشید .
یونولیت
خلاصه
همانطور که گفته شد، بها یونولیت ها( یونولیت بسته بندی یا این که بونولیت ورقی ) براساس اندازه چگالی و دانسیته آن ها گزینش می شود . همینطور نوع مال به کاربرده گردیده ( ایرانی، چینی و کره ای ) استدلال بعدی در انتخاب نرخ یونولیت میباشد
As the world-leading polystyrene processor and French leader on the EPS moulded item market, we simultaneously factor in performance and growth to always offer more sales expertise. In 30 years, we have developed our know-how in the various technologies associated not solely with packaging but also with the manufacture of technical parts. On the back of our expertise in processing expanded plastic resins, such as expanded polystyrene, we now provide services for particularly demanding industrial sectors.
The diversity of our production processes enables us to choose the best for your products.
Expandable polystyrene, our raw material, is manufactured in part by Knauf in Belgium. It is obtained by polymerising styrene and an expansion agent: pentane. In our factories, it undergoes pre-expansion, a decisive phase in the moulding process. Under the effect of steam, the expanded beads then grow by 50 times their original volume and develop a closed-cell structure made up of 98% air.
Block moulding
Block moulding makes it possible to manufacture parallelepipedal items. These “blocks” are subsequently machined in our cutting workshops to manufacture protective stays, decorative products or prototypes.
Dimensions: 1m x 1m x 6m (WxLxH)
Minimum density: 10 g/L
ITEM MOULDING
Equipped with over 240 presses, distributed throughout 40 production facilities, we deploy our closed-cell moulding expertise for the manufacture of items made of EPS (max.: 2000 x 1400cm, densities 18g/l – 60g/l)
Besides being customisable, our tools are “mobile” within our facilities. Their adaptability to a large number of machines makes it possible to envisage rapid transfer of production.
The diversity of our equipment (vacuum equipment, transfer and film complexing) allows us to adapt our production according to the complexity of your products.
Complexing helps enhance the mechanical behaviour of the closed-cell foam object, by increasing its rigidity and making it more watertight.
EPS is among most hotly debated materials when it comes to recycling. The material itself, composed mainly of air, is highly versatile, effective in reducing product damage, and cheap. But those same properties make it costly to recycle because it takes up a lot of space. Additionally, that light weight makes it easily swept away in the wind or water, where it adds to the problem of ocean plastic. No surprise, it has been banned in over 100 municipalities in a dozen U.S. states and including New York City.
The New York ban was reversed in September 2015, when it was lifted by the court, in response to a coalition of EPS producers and local New York business owners. In 2017, New York reinstituted its EPS ban, after it was determined by the city to be impossible to recycle economically.
The good news is that EPS can be recycled, although the economics can be precarious. Let's take a closer look.
What is EPS?
There are two types of EPS: expanded and extruded polystyrene. Polystyrene itself is a form of plastic, a polymer that can be extruded (think Styrofoam®) or expanded.
The food service industry is a major user of this product, which makes strong, protective and insulating trays, cups and containers. These properties also allow it to be a preferred packaging material for product protection in shipping.
What are the attributes that make it attractive as packaging?
Kim Holmes is the director of recycling for SPI: The Plastics Industry Trade Association. She explained the upside of EPS to The Balance: “EPS is an attractive material for product packaging for a number of reasons. EPS is strong, yet lightweight. It is a very efficient insulator, and its structure offers excellent product protection from impact damage. It delivers this broad range of performance while also being a very cost competitive material. It uses significantly less energy and water to manufacture than paper alternatives.”
As consumers, we can vote with our dollar and show businesses what we value. Choosing environmentally-friendly products is one way to show that we care about the health of our community and environment. Always choose recyclable or compostable alternatives instead of using polystyrene foam products when possible. While Newby Island does recycle polystyrene foam items, it’s one of the few places that does so. Keep in mind that recycled polystyrene has very little market value and can only be used to make a small range of products, most of which can’t be recycled themselves. Many jurisdictions have banned expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam food service ware (e.g., takeout clamshells and Styrofoam water cups). Many more jurisdictions are looking to adopt policies to ban it. Why?
There are no viable, cost-effective markets available for this material;
It is difficult and uneconomical to handle and recycle, especially if soiled by food;
It usually ends up in landfills, where it essentially does not biodegrade;
A substantial amount is found as harmful litter in storm drains and local waterways due to its lightweight, easily airborne characteristics;
Because it easily breaks down into smaller pieces, it’s not only difficult to clean up, but is also mistaken for food and ingested by birds and marine wildlife (which contaminates the food chain, including humans who consume contaminated marine wildlife);
Styrene, a synthetic chemical from which foam food and beverage containers are made, has long been a cancer-suspect agent. On April 22, 2016, the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) added styrene to the list of chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. This listing was based on formal identification by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) that styrene causes cancer.
Replacing polystyrene products with less-hazardous, compostable, or readily recyclable products will protect the public health and safety of Milpitas residents, as well as our environment, waterways and wildlife. Acceptable alternatives include compostable/recyclable paper, cardboard, molded or rigid pulp or plastic products and certified compostable “starch peanuts/loose fill/foam.” Shop wisely and show businesses what you value!
In 1987, a barge called Mobro 4000 departed Islip in New York’s Suffolk County loaded up with 3,100 tons of waste, a fair bit of which was Styrofoam containers. The barge was supposed to unload its undesirable cargo into a landfill in North Carolina, but that proved harder than expected. No one wanted the trash.Mobrobarge ended up wandering the eastern seaboard for six months, dipped into the Caribbean, and even made it as far as Belize without finding a suitable dumpsite.
The fiasco drew media attention and ignited a national conversation about landfills, recycling, and the environment. Not surprisingly, Styrofoam emerged from this debate as the logical bad guy since it does not biodegrade and thus, it was argued, would crowd landfills and pollute our oceans. In 1988, New York’s Suffolk County enacted the first Styrofoam ban in the United States, but a plastics lobby quickly formed in response and succeeded in overturning the ban. Since then, similar bans have been put in place around the country—on Styrofoam, plastic bags and, most recently, plastic straws—resulting in years of litigations and millions of dollars worth of legal fees.
We’ve been stuck in the same debate for the past 30 years. Styrofoam is still here—but is that good or bad? Turns out, there’s no simple answer. And Styrofoam’s story is certainly complicated.
A Wonder Product or a Waste Nightmare?
First discovered in 1839 in Berlin, Styrofoam’s precursor—expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam—became immensely popular during World War II as an inexpensive building material for military aircrafts. Between 1939 and 1945, the rate of polystyrene production increased expotentially. In 1946 the Dow Chemical Company trademarked Styrofoam. In the process of trying to make polystyrene more flexible, Dow scientist Ray McIntire mixed together styrene and isobutene in a reactor and heated them. The result was extruded polystyrene foam, a strong material that is moisture resistant and composed of 98 percent air—so incredibly lightweight and buoyant that it was considered a wonder product. Its low cost and ease of production catapulted Styrofoam into our lives. From energy efficient building insulation to surfboards, and from soilless hydroponic gardening to airplane construction, Styrofoam was heralded as the wave of the future—until the environmental issues came up.
EPS or as many know by The Dow Chemical Company's trademarked name, STYROFOAM, is an extremely lightweight product that is made of expanded polystyrene beads. Originally discovered by Eduard Simon in 1839 in Germany by accident, EPS foam is more than 95% air and only about 5% plastic.
Small solid plastic particles of polystyrene are made from the monomer styrene. Polystyrene is normally a solid at room temperature that can be melted at a higher temperature and re-solidified for desired applications. The expanded version of polystyrene is about forty times the volume of the original polystyrene granule.
Uses of Polystyrene
Polystyrene foams are used for a variety of applications because of its excellent set of properties including good thermal insulation, good damping properties and being extremely light weight. From being used as building materials to white foam packaging, expanded polystyrene has a wide range of end-use applications. In fact, many surfboards now use EPS as the foam core.
EPS is inert in nature and therefore does not result in any . Since it will not appeal to any pests, it can be used easily in the construction industry. It is also closed cell, so when used as a core material it will absorb little water and in return, not promote mold or rotting.
EPS is durable, strong as well as lightweight and can be used as insulated panel systems for facades, walls, roofs and floors in buildings, as flotation material in the construction of marinas and pontoons and as a lightweight fill in road and railway construction.
Packaging
EPS has shock absorbing properties making it ideal for storing and transporting fragile items such as wines, chemicals, electronic equipment, and pharmaceutical products. Its thermal insulation and moisture resistant properties are perfect for packaging cooked food as well as perishable items such as seafood, fruit, and vegetables.
Other Uses
EPS can be used in the manufacture of sliders, model planes, and even surfboards because of its positive strength to weight ratio. The strength of EPS along with its shock absorbing properties makes it effective for use in children’s seats and cycling helmets. It is also compression resistant, meaning that EPS is ideal for stacking packaging goods. EPS also has applications in horticulture in seedling trays to promote aeration of the soil.
Why Is EPS Advantageous?
High thermal insulation
Resistant to Moisture
Extremely durable
Easily recyclable
Versatile in strength
Easily laminated with
Manufactured into different shapes, sizes, and compression materials
پلی استایرن یک پلاستر همه کاره است که برای تولید انواع مختلفی از محصولات مصرفی استفاده می شود. به عنوان یک پلاستیک سخت و جامد، اغلب در محصولاتی که نیاز به وضوح دارند، مانند بسته بندی مواد غذایی و ظروف آزمایشگاهی استفاده می شود. هنگامی که با رنگهای مختلف، مواد افزودنی یا سایر پلاستیک ها ترکیب می شود، پلی استایرن برای ساخت لوازم، الکترونیک، قطعات خودرو، اسباب بازی ها، گلدان های باغبانی و تجهیزات و موارد دیگر استفاده می شود.
پلی استایرن نیز به یک ماده فوم ساخته می شود که پلی استایرن (EPS) یا پلی استایرن اکسترود شده (XPS) نامیده می شود، که برای خواص عایق بندی و انعطاف پذیری آن ارزشمند است. پلی استایرن فوم می تواند بیش از 95 درصد هوا باشد و به طور گسترده ای برای ساخت عایق های خانگی و لوازم خانگی، بسته بندی محافظ سبک وزن، گشت و گذار، خدمات غذا و بسته بندی مواد غذایی، قطعات خودرو، سیستم های تثبیت کننده جاده ای و راه راه و غیره استفاده می شود.
پلی استایرن با استفاده از سیم کشی یا پلیمریزاسیون استایرن ساخته شده است که یک ماده شیمیایی ساختمانی است که در ساخت بسیاری از محصولات استفاده می شود. استایرن نیز به طور طبیعی در غذاها مانند توت فرنگی، دارچین، قهوه و گوشت گاو اتفاق می افتد.
پلی استایرن در لوازم خانگی
یخچال، تهویه مطبوع، اجاق گاز، مایکروویو، جاروبرقی، مخلوط کن - این و دیگر لوازم اغلب با پلی استایرن (جامد و فوم) به دلیل آن بی اثر است (با مواد دیگر واکنش نشان نمی)، مقرون به صرفه و طولانی مدت ساخته شده است.
پلی استایرن در خودرو
پلی استایرن (جامد و فوم) برای ساخت بسیاری از قطعات خودرو، از جمله دستگیره، پانل ابزار، تر و تمیز، پانل درب جذب انرژی و فوم ضعیف صدا استفاده می شود. فوم پلی استایرن همچنین به طور گسترده ای در صندلی های محافظ کودک استفاده می شود.
پلی استایرن در الکترونیک
پلی استایرن برای مسکن و سایر قطعات برای تلویزیون، رایانه و انواع تجهیزات IT استفاده می شود، جایی که ترکیب فرم، عملکرد و زیبایی شناسی ضروری است.
پلی استایرن در Foodservice
بسته بندی مواد غذایی پلی استایرن به طور منظم بهتر است، مواد غذایی را تازه تر نگه می دارد و کمتر هزینه می کند.
پلی استایرن در عایق
فوم سبک پلی استایرن عایق حرارتی عالی در کاربردهای متعددی نظیر دیوارهای ساختمانی و سقف، یخچال و فریزر، و امکانات ذخیره سازی صنعتی سرد فراهم می کند. عایق پلی استایرن بی اثر، مقاوم و مقاوم در برابر خسارت آب است.
پلی استایرن در پزشکی
با توجه به وضوح و سهولت از عقیم سازی آن و پلی استایرن است که برای طیف گسترده ای از برنامه های کاربردی پزشکی، از جمله بافت سینی فرهنگ و لوله های آزمایش، پتری دیش، قطعات تشخیصی، محوطه برای کیت تست و دستگاه های پزشکی استفاده می شود.
پلی استایرن در بسته بندی
پلی استایرن (جامد و فوم) به طور گسترده ای برای محافظت از محصولات مصرفی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. جعبه های CD و DVD، بادام زمینی بسته بندی فوم برای حمل و نقل، بسته بندی مواد غذایی، سینی های گوشت / مرغ و کارتن های تخم مرغ به طور معمول با پلی استایرن ساخته می شود تا از آسیب یا خراب شدن محافظت شود.
Polystyrene in Appliances Refrigerators, air conditioners, ovens, microwaves, vacuum cleaners, blenders – these and other appliances often are made with polystyrene (solid and foam) because it is inert (doesn’t react with other materials), cost-effective and long-lasting.
Polystyrene in Automotive Polystyrene (solid and foam) is used to make many car parts, including knobs, instrument panels, trim, energy absorbing door panels and sound dampening foam. Foam polystyrene also is widely used in child protective seats.
Polystyrene in Electronics Polystyrene is used for the housing and other parts for televisions, computers and all types of IT equipment, where the combination of form, function and aesthetics are essential.
Polystyrene in Foodservice Polystyrene foodservice packaging typically insulates better, keeps food fresher longer and costs less than alternatives.
Polystyrene in Insulation Lightweight polystyrene foam provides excellent thermal insulation in numerous applications, such as building walls and roofing, refrigerators and freezers, and industrial cold storage facilities. Polystyrene insulation is inert, durable and resistant to water damage.
Polystyrene in Medical Due to its clarity and ease of sterilization, polystyrene is used for a wide range of medical applications, including tissue culture trays, test tubes, petri dishes, diagnostic components, housings for test kits and medical devices.
Polystyrene in Packaging Polystyrene (solid and foam) is widely used to protect consumer products. CD and DVD cases, foam packaging peanuts for shipping, food packaging, meat/poultry trays and egg cartons typically are made with polystyrene to protect against damage or spoilage.
Most foam #6 products can be identified by the resin identification code stamped on the material. Types of foam #6 are often mistakenly referred to as Styrofoam®, which is a registered trademark of the Dow Chemical Company for extruded polystyrene foam made for thermal insulation and craft applications. The types of foam products that are accepted can vary between processing facilities. For example, many processors do not accept colored foam or foam that has been treated with flame retardants. Check with your recycling facility to confirm the types of foam that are accepted.
Foam cups and food service products
Foam #6 food service containers include drink cups, food trays and clamshell containers. Food service foam containers must be in recyclable condition. Coffee and soda cups do not need to be rinsed; however, containers used for food need to be wiped or rinsed.
Recycling is offered curbside in some communities. Some restaurants and other businesses collect foam cups for recycling by mail. In addition, some school districts have started recycling programs for foam #6 lunch trays and containers.
Look up foam #6 recycling locations.
Foam packing peanuts
Packaging peanuts are made with a variety of materials. Some, but not all, packing peanuts carry the #6 recycling symbol. When combined with foam #6 products, non-EPS packing peanuts are a contaminant. For that reason, packing peanuts should not be commingled with other foam recycling.
The best way to recycle foam packing peanuts is to reuse them or donate them for reuse. Many local pack and ship stores gladly accept foam packing peanuts free of charge. Some cities also collect them to reuse or resell. Please contact your local post office or parcel service to verify if they accept packaging peanuts for reuse.
As a citizen of the greatest country in the world, my first inclination about the history of EPS Geofoam was that we Americans invented it. Not so. EPS Geofoam was first used in Norway in 1972. It seems that much of the terrain of Norway is comprised of precarious ground. In fact, the first project was a small bridge known as Flom Bridge, in Oslo. The picture below shows how soft and volatile the soil compression is. This snippet of a video produced in the 1972 project shows an engineer shifting his weight from foot to foot, and the ground beneath him is compressible clay over peat moss, not a very good situation on which to build roads.
Image Credit: Foam Control Geofoam
Engineers attempted to utilize Geofoam as a subsoil void filler. Geofoam is at least 10% the weight of compacted soil.
Prior to installing geofoam, this area experienced 20–30 centimeters of settlement annually causing extreme roadway damage. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geofoam
The original thoughts on the use of large blocks of EPS Geofoam came about by stacking sheets of the material high enough to provide stability needed to withstand the harsh weather, poor soil and subsoil composition, and the rolling nature of Norway’s roadways. Block production evolved and is still made in multiple thicknesses, and sizes.
One would think that engineers from the USA would have taken notice of this breakthrough in construction methods, but no. Japan’s capital city, Tokyo would become the next major project recorded. Haneda Airport (Tokyo International Airport) required major runway expansion, and EPS Geofoam was ideally suited to complete the task in record time, with significant savings over the cost of soil void fill.
The first US project using EPS Geofoam was in Colorado in 1989. That’s seventeen years before Geofoam was considered satisfactory for embankment support and roadbed.
To touch on how impactful Geofoam was on Japanese engineers, it’s remarkable that within a two-year period, 1985 – 1987, more than 2000 projects included 46 million square feet of Geofoam. Wow!
A stretch of Highway 160 between Durango and Mancos experienced a slope destabilization, resulting in a landslide. EPS Geofoam proved itself in not only supporting and stabilizing the embankment but saved time and money. Engineers across the country are now both knowledgeable and utilizing EPS Geofoam to cut construction time and money.
خوش آمديد ميهمان
عضو شوید
عضویت سریع
آمار مطالب
آمار بازدید
There are no viable, cost-effective markets available for this material;
Foam #6 food service containers include drink cups, food trays and clamshell containers. Food service foam containers must be in recyclable condition. Coffee and soda cups do not need to be rinsed; however, containers used for food need to be wiped or rinsed.
Packaging peanuts are made with a variety of materials. Some, but not all, packing peanuts carry the #6 recycling symbol. When combined with foam #6 products, non-EPS packing peanuts are a contaminant. For that reason, packing peanuts should not be commingled with other foam recycling.
